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1: Swiss Med Wkly. 2002 Jan 26;132(3-4):27-37.
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Genetic risk factors of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

Joos L, Paré PD, Sandford AJ.

Departement Innere Medizin, Kantonsspital Basel, Switzerland. ljoos@uhbs.ch

Cigarette smoking is the major risk factor for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). However, only a minority of cigarette smokers develop symptomatic disease. Family and twin studies suggest that genetic factors also contribute to the development of COPD. We present a detailed literature review of the genes which have been investigated as potential risk factors for this disease.

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PMID: 11953903 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]