Table 1

mRNA profile of cytokine and chemokine gene expression of primary culture of human type II pneumocytes 3 h and 6 h after infection with A/Hong Kong/483/97 (H5N1/97), A/Vietnam/1194/04, A/Vietnam/3046/04 (both H5N1/04) and A/Hong Kong 54/98 (H1N1) influenza viruses denoted as fold increase compared to mock infected cells.
Gene products
 Ratio of expression over mock-infected cells

3 hours post infection
 6 hours post infection


483/97 (H5N1/97) (-■-)c
 1194/04 (H5N1/04) (-◆-)c
 3046/04 (H5N1/04) (-×-)c
 54/98 (H1N1) (-▲-)c
 483/97 (H5N1/97) (-■-)c
 1194/04 (H5N1/04) (-◆-)c
 3046/04 (H5N1/04) (-×-)c
 54/98 (H1N1) (-▲-)c
Interleukin 1
 -1.2
 0.3
 0.9
 1.1
 1
 0.9
 0.8
 -1.3
Interleukin 6
 9.3*a
 15.1*b
 9.9*a
 7.4*a
 17.4*b
 19.2*b
 15.4*b
 8.8*a
Interleukin 8
 1
 0.9
 1.1
 -1.2
 -1.2
 1.6
 1.3
 1.3
MCP-1
 1.1
 0.8
 1.5
 1
 -1.2
 1.7
 1.3
 1.3
TNF alpha
 Not detectable
 Not detectable
RANTES
 -1
 9.5*a
 2.2*
 1.55
 18.7*b
 24.1*b
 16.9*b
 6.9*a
Interferon-alpha
 1.1
 0.8
 0.6
 1.2
 -1.3
 1.3
 0.9
 1.2
Interferon-beta
 3.7*a
 8.5*a
 4.7*a
 -0.8
 22.1*b
 26.3*b
 18.7*b
 13.3*b
IP-10
 3.9*a
 7.9*a
 6.3*a
 -3.5
 37.9*b
 46.8*b
 29.7*b
 8.1*a

Signals were normalized to the housekeeping gene, β-actin and expressed as a ratio over mock infected cells.

*Upregulation by two or more times over that of mock infection.

a p < 0.01 and b p < 0.001 (Bonferroni multiple-comparison test).

c Corresponding character symbols as shown in Figure 3 and 4.

Chan et al. Respiratory Research 2005 6:135   doi:10.1186/1465-9921-6-135