Figure 4.

TNF-α release by human monocytes after treatment with PM₁₀ (5–40 μg/ml) and with concomitant treatment with calcium antagonists for 4 hours verapamil (V), BAPTA-AM (B), W-7 (W), trolox (T), and nacystelyn (N). There was a significant difference between the untreated control and PM₁₀ treatment only for the 10 μg/ml dose (p < 0.05). Data represents the mean ± SEM pg/ml TNF-α release (n = 5).